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Alcohol measurement in health care settings is an effective intervention for reducing alcohol-related harm. However, in many countries, costs related to alcohol measurement have not yet been transparently assessed, which may hinder its adoption and implementation.
Importance Prenatal smoking is a known modifiable risk factor for stillbirth; however, the contribution of prenatal drinking or the combination of smoking and drinking is uncertain.
Objective To examine whether prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco cigarettes is associated with the risk of stillbirth.
Introduction Although cannabis is frequently used worldwide, its impact on respiratory health is characterised by controversy.
Objective To evaluate the association between cannabis use and respiratory-related emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalisations.
Objectives This study aimed to explore the impact of a new set of six pictorial warnings introduced in 2018.
Design and setting Using a cross-sectional design, we examined awareness of the new warnings among Colombian smokers across two time points of data collection.
Longitudinal studies examining the effect of cannabis exposure (CE) on the prognosis of adolescents with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are scarce. We examined trajectories of mental health in adolescents with PLEs and cannabis exposure.
There is a paucity of knowledge regarding the association of alcohol use with overall survival (OS) of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
The connection between homelessness and substance use is well recognised and an issue that impacts countries around the world. People who experience substance use related issues and homelessness are extremely vulnerable to a range of harms and can find it challenging to access appropriate support that will adequately meet their needs.
INTRODUCTION:
BACKGROUND:
During the last ten years, Georgia made several important accomplishments in responding to the country’s drug problem. Specifically, in 2011, an interagency national drug coordinating body was established within the Ministry of Justice; in 2015, the multidisciplinary Addiction Studies MA Program was initiated within Ilia State University; and in 2019, the National Drug Observatory (NDO) was founded.
AIM:
By disseminating the Universal Prevention Curriculums (UPC), the Colombo Plan (CP) seeks to narrow the gap between scientific knowledge on effective prevention of substance use and its application in the field. In 2020 CP adapted these training methods for online delivery.
BACKGROUND:
The Universal Treatment Curriculum (UTC) is offered to the academic community to integrate substance use-specific knowledge, skills, and evidence-based practices into the continuing professional development of current and future service providers. Although widely disseminated in many countries, the adaptation focuses on language translation and in-person trainings.
AIMS:
INTRODUCTION:
BACKGROUND:
The high prevalence of HIV and substance use disorders (SUD) in Ukraine remains a significant public health problem. A well-trained, recovery-oriented national workforce to enhance SUD treatment associated with HIV care is needed to reduce substance use and HIV-related burden in the country.
METHODS:
Importance Evidence of effective smoking cessation interventions in patients with diabetes is limited. The unique behavioral and metabolic characteristics of smokers with type 2 diabetes warrants a randomized clinical trial of the smoking cessation drug varenicline.
Early life stress (ELS) is associated with perturbed neural development and augmented vulnerability to mental health disorders, including addiction. How ELS changes the brain to increase addiction risk is poorly understood, and there are no therapies which target this ELS-induced vulnerability.
Cocaine addiction is a significant medical and public concern. Despite decades of research effort, development of pharmacotherapy for cocaine use disorder remains largely unsuccessful. This may be partially due to insufficient understanding of the complex biological mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of this disorder.
Comorbid mental illnesses and substance use disorders are associated with adverse criminal, social, and health outcomes. Yet, their burden is not reliably known among prison populations. We therefore aimed to estimate the prevalence of comorbid serious mental illnesses and substance use disorders (dual disorders) among people in prison worldwide.
Emerging Trends in Drugs, Addictions, and Health is a new international journal devoted to the rapid publication of authoritative papers on Novel Psychoactive Substances (NPS), Addiction and associated health phenomena.
The Journal has a multidisciplinary nature and aims to bring together studies which are relevant for heterogeneous authors and readers.
New psychoactive substances (NPS) are a diverse group of substances that are linked with a number of health and social harms on an individual and societal level. NPS toxicity and dependence syndromes are recognised in primary care, emergency departments, psychiatric inpatient and community care settings.
Importance In January 2020, Quebec raised the minimum legal age (MLA) for cannabis from 18 to 21 years. Evidence is needed to inform the ongoing debate on this policy. Although proponents believe that a higher MLA will protect youths from the harms of cannabis use, critics argue that it will push them back to the illegal market.
Research has shown that alcohol use and common mental disorders co-occur; however, little is known about how the global prevalence of alcohol use compares across different mental disorders.
This review examined:
(i) report global associations of alcohol use (alcohol use disorder (AUD), binge drinking and consumption) comparing those with and without common mental disorders
The devastating impact of tobacco on the health of users is well known. In addition to the negative effects for the individual, there are significant economic and environmental consequences, which need to be considered when developing efforts to end an industry that kills more than 7 million users each year.
Abstract
Background
The use of naltrexone plus bupropion to treat methamphetamine use disorder has not been well studied.
Methods
Drug addiction is a public health crisis for which new treatments are urgently needed. In rare cases, regional brain damage can lead to addiction remission. These cases may be used to identify therapeutic targets for neuromodulation. We analyzed two cohorts of patients addicted to smoking at the time of focal brain damage (cohort 1 n = 67; cohort 2 n = 62).
There is a strong shared association between smoking tobacco and drinking alcohol. This study aimed to compare smoking prevalence and smoking characteristics in drinkers who were versus were not at risk of alcohol dependence in England.
Importance Neurobiological models have postulated shared neural mechanisms between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorders, but results from clinical and epidemiological studies are conflicting or even suggest that OCD may be protective against substance misuse.
Importance Rates of prenatal cannabis use are increasing alongside perceptions that cannabis is a harmless therapeutic for pregnancy-related ailments, while rates of prenatal use of alcohol and tobacco are decreasing. It is important to examine whether cannabis use during pregnancy is increasing similarly among patients with and patients without co-occurring substance use.
Abstract
Importance Menthol may make cigarette smoke less aversive and could lead youth to smoke more frequently and become more dependent on nicotine.
Objective To assess the association of menthol use with cigarette smoking frequency and nicotine dependence (ND) among youth cigarette users.
Abstract:
La marihuana se consume en menor proporción que el alcohol y el tabaco. La edad de mayor frecuencia de consumo coincide con la edad reproductiva. Los cannabinoides tienen características cinéticas y mecanismos de acción que suponen riesgo de exposición fetal y en la lactancia. El embarazo presenta cambios fisiológicos que facilitan la exposición fetal.