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Impatto di un programma di formazione online negli interventi per smettere di fumare degli operatori ospedalieri in Bolivia, Guatemala e Paraguay
Astratto
Obiettivo
Esaminare i cambiamenti negli interventi degli operatori ospedalieri prima e dopo la formazione online.
Metodo
Valutazione pre-post delle prestazioni auto-riferite delle 5A da parte dei lavoratori ospedalieri...
Larger Gray Matter Volume in the Basal Ganglia of Heavy Cannabis Users Detected by Voxel-Based Morphometry and Subcortical Volumetric Analysis
Background: Structural imaging studies of cannabis users have found evidence of both cortical and subcortical volume reductions, especially in cannabinoid receptor-rich regions such as the hippocampus and amygdala. However, the findings...
Public versus Internal Conceptions of Addiction: An Analysis of Internal Philip Morris Documents
Abstract
Background
Tobacco addiction is a complex, multicomponent phenomenon stemming from nicotine’s pharmacology and the user’s biology, psychology, sociology, and environment. After decades of public denial, the tobacco industry...
Stigma Associated with Medication Treatment for Young Adults with Opioid Use Disorder
Abstract
Background
Opioid-related overdose deaths have risen sharply among young adults. Despite this increase, access to evidence-based medication for opioid agonist treatment (OAT) for youth remains low. Among older adults...
Características de los Instrumentos de Tamizaje del Trastorno por Uso de Alcohol en Jóvenes Universitarios de Argentina
Resumen
Los trastornos por uso de alcohol son preocupantemente altos en la población universitaria. Contar con instrumentos de tamizaje es fundamental para la medición epidemiológica y la práctica clínica. El objetivo de este trabajo es...
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Activation in the Ventral Tegmental Area Attenuates Cocaine Seeking in Rats
Abstract
Novel molecular targets are needed to develop new medications for the treatment of cocaine addiction. Here we investigated a role for glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors in the reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior, an...
Twelve Million Smokers Look Online for Smoking Cessation Help Annually
Abstract
Background
This study quantified the potential reach of Internet smoking cessation interventions to support calculations of potential population impact (reach × effectiveness). Using a nationally representative survey, we...
First and Subsequent Lifetime Alcoholism and Mental Disorders in Suicide Victims with Reference to a Community Sample
Background: Suicide victims have been found to frequently suffer from mental disorders, often more than one, and comorbidity has also been found to be a risk factor for suicide. The aim of the present study was to determine the first...
Consumo di alcol leggero-moderato e funzione ventricolare sinistra tra adulti sani di mezza età
Astratto
Obiettivi: Studiare l'associazione tra consumo di alcol e funzione ventricolare sinistra (LV) in una popolazione con basso apporto medio di alcol.
Design, ambientazione e partecipanti: un totale di 1296 partecipanti sani...
Esperienze di un colloquio motivazionale erogato da un robot: studio qualitativo
ASTRATTO
Background: Il colloquio motivazionale è un intervento efficace per sostenere il cambiamento del comportamento, ma tradizionalmente dipende dal dialogo faccia a faccia con un consulente umano. Questo studio ha affrontato una...
Potential Public Health Effects of Reducing Nicotine Levels in Cigarettes in the United States
Conclusions of this study indicate that enacting a regulation to lower the nicotine content of cigarettes to minimally addictive levels in the United States would lead to a substantial reduction in tobacco-related mortality, despite...
Iniziative di responsabilità sociale d'impresa dell'industria dell'alcol e bere dannoso: una revisione sistematica
Astratto
Contesto: Vi è una crescente consapevolezza degli effetti dannosi delle attività commerciali dell'industria dell'alcol e preoccupazione per i possibili impatti negativi delle sue iniziative di responsabilità sociale d'impresa...
Interventi psicologici e psicosociali per la cessazione della cannabis negli adulti
Astratto
Obiettivo: Molti interventi psicologici e psicosociali sono stati sviluppati per trattare i consumatori regolari di cannabis, ma non è chiaro quali interventi siano i più efficaci. Questo articolo mira a valutare l'efficacia...
Single Episode of Alcohol Use Resulting in Injury: A Cross-Sectional Study in 21 Countries
Objective
To examine the empirical basis for including the diagnostic category of “a single episode of harmful substance use” in the 11th revision of the International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems...
Sigarette elettroniche e uso futuro della marijuana: uno studio longitudinale
Astratto
Le sigarette sono state fortemente associate al successivo uso di marijuana tra gli adolescenti, ma le sigarette elettroniche (sigarette elettroniche) stanno ora rapidamente sostituendo le sigarette tradizionali tra i giovani...
Medical Marijuana Users Are More Likely to Use Prescription Drugs Medically and Nonmedically
ABSTRACT
Objectives: Previous studies have found a negative population-level correlation between medical marijuana availability in US states, and trends in medical and nonmedical prescription drug use. These studies have been interpreted...
The Influence of Psychological Factors during Early Years of Life in the Development of Addiction
Abstract
Addiction is a multifaceted condition with various entry and exit points throughout its course in an individual's life. In some adolescents, early onset can be followed by limited adolescent use or abuse and is more related to...
Trend in the Affordability of Tobacco Products in Bangladesh
Abstract
Background: The price of tobacco products in relation to the income of tobacco users—affordability—is recognised as a key determinant of tobacco use behaviour. The effectiveness of a price increase as a deterrent to tobacco use...
Solution to Detect, Classify, and Report Illicit Online Marketing and Sales of Controlled Substances via Twitter
ABSTRACT
Background: On December 6 and 7, 2017, the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) hosted its first Code-a-Thon event aimed at leveraging technology and data-driven solutions to help combat the opioid epidemic. The...
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