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Law Enforcement
The activities of authorised agencies such as police, customs, border services, and investigative bodies to enforce drug control laws and address criminal activities related to the production, trafficking, and distribution of illicit substances. These activities may include investigations, intelligence gathering, interdiction, and collaboration with national and international partners to disrupt organised crime networks. Law enforcement plays an important role in protecting public safety and maintaining the rule of law, and is most effective when coordinated with broader public health, prevention, treatment, and recovery efforts as part of a balanced and comprehensive response to substance use.
Peer-mentored community reentry reduces recidivism.
Abstract
Most people released from incarceration in the criminal justice system return to prison within 3 years. To improve community reentry, national initiatives have promoted new and revitalized programming, including peer mentorship...
Alcohol Sachets an Endemic Problem in Sub-Saharan Africa: Do the Alcohol Sachet Bans in Africa Achieve the Policy Goals on Access and Availability
Abstract Background:
Packaging alcohol in small quantities appears to be very popular in sub-Saharan African countries. This region represents itself amongst the largest consumer of easily accessible alcohol (WHO, 2018). Packaging and...
Closer to home: An analysis of the state and local impact of the Texas juvenile justice reforms.
Closer to Home: An Analysis of the State and Local Impact of the Texas Juvenile Justice Reforms, which draws on an unprecedented dataset of 1.3 million individual case records spanning eight years, shows youth incarcerated in state-run...
Police‐initiated diversion for youth to prevent future delinquent behavior: A systematic review.
Abstract
This Campbell systematic review examines the effects police-initiated diversion programs on delinquent behavior, compared to traditional system processing. The review summarizes evidence from nineteen high-quality studies...
Overview of Juvenile Deflection in the United States: A State-by-State Comparison.
Introduction
Over the past few decades, juvenile crime (i.e., “delinquency”), arrests and confinement have begun to decline—a trend that directly correlates with states and localities moving away from overly punitive, “tough on crime”...
Strategies for Postrelease Supervision of Individuals with Serious Mental Illness: Comparing Specialized Community Corrections Officers to Those Not Serving on a Specialized Team
Abstract
Specially trained parole/probation officers (STOs) increasingly manage caseloads of persons with serious mental illness (SMI). Using an online survey, we compared the supervision approaches of 90 STOs to 132 non-STOs who also...
A meta‐analytic review of the efficacy of psychological treatments for violent offenders in correctional and forensic mental health settings.
ABSTRACT
This meta‐analysis examined whether psychological treatments with adult violent offenders in correctional and forensic mental health settings are effective in preventing community recidivism and institutional (hospital/prison)...
Criminal Justice Involvement after Release from Prison following Exposure to Community Mental Health Services among People Who Use Illicit Drugs and Have Mental Illness: a Systematic Review
ABSTRACT
Illicit drug use and mental illness are common among people in prison and are associated with higher rates of reoffending and reimprisonment. We conducted a systematic review, searching MEDLINE, Embase, and PsycINFO to January 10...
Child incarceration and long-term adult health outcomes: a longitudinal study
Abstract
Purpose
Although incarceration may have life-long negative health effects, little is known about associations between child incarceration and subsequent adult health outcomes. The paper aims to discuss this issue.
Design
...Mental disorders among adolescents in juvenile detention and correctional facilities: a systematic review and metaregression analysis of 25 surveys
Abstract
Objective: To systematically review and perform a meta-analysis of the research literature on the prevalence of mental disorders in adolescents in juvenile detention and correctional facilities.
Method: Surveys of psychiatric...
Alcohol and drug use and treatment reported by Prisoners: Survey of Prison inmates
Among all state and federal prisoners (1,421,700), nearly 4 in 10 (38%) reported using drugs and 3 in 10 (30%) reported drinking alcohol at the time of the offense for which they were serving a sentence (figure 1, table 1). Statistics in...
The Sequential Intercept Model and Juvenile Justice: Review and Prospectus
ABSTRACT
Behavioral health needs in justice-involved adolescents are an increasing concern, as it has been estimated that two-thirds of youths in the juvenile justice system now meet the criteria for one or more psychological disorders...
Use of the Sequential Intercept Model as an Approach to Decriminalization of People With Serious Mental Illness
The Sequential Intercept Model provides a conceptual framework for communities to use when considering the interface between the criminal justice and mental health systems as they address concerns about criminalization of people with mental...
Lifetime Benefits and Costs of Diverting Substance-Abusing Offenders From State Prison
ABSTRACT
Prisons hold a disproportionate number of society’s drug abusers. Approximately 50% of state prisoners meet the criteria for a diagnosis of drug abuse or dependence; however, only 10% of prisoners receive drug treatment. Diverting...
Revising the paradigm for jail diversion for people with mental and substance use disorders: Intercept 0
ABSTRACT
A conceptual model for community-based strategic planning to address the criminalization of adults with mental and substance use disorders, the Sequential Intercept Model has provided jurisdictions with a framework that overcomes...
A promising jail reentry program revisited: results from a quasi-experimental design
ABSTRACT
Prisoner reentry remains a significant challenge for the criminal justice system with millions of offenders returning to society each year from the nation’s prisons and jails. Employment, housing, and access to substance abuse and...
The impact of specialized referral services on recidivism and length of stay among halfway house residents
ABSTRACT
Individualized case management services that identify and provide support for treatment, housing, and employment may improve opportunities for success for those housed in community residential facilities (CRFs) upon release...
Moving Beyond Referrals: Addressing Multilevel Barriers to Substance Use Treatment Engagement Through Police-Led Recovery Management Check-Ups
ABSTRACT
The opioid epidemic in the United States (US) has prompted innovative responses from law enforcement agencies including specialized units to refer overdose survivors to substance use treatment following an overdose. However...
Specialized Mental Health Supervision: Revocations and Risk Composition
ABSTRACT
Although many studies have investigated the disproportionate representation and negative experiences of justice-involved persons with mental illness (MI), we know less about probation/parole revocations among this population...
Evaluating reentry programming in Pennsylvania’s Board of Probation & Parole: An assessment of offenders’ perceptions and recidivism outcomes
ABSTRACT
Pennsylvania’s Board of Probation & Parole recently developed a reentry program that provides intensive supervision and oversight to offenders during their reintegration back into the community. The present analysis examined...