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The high dropout rate (75%) in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment among women and racial/ethnic minorities in the United States necessitates a better knowledge of the factors that contribute to treatment success. While therapy and medication for OUD are considered the top standard of care in substance use disorder (SUD) treatment, many people with OUD receive just counseling or methadone-only therapies.
In response to the rising efficacy of the illicit opioid drug supply and often observed delays in access to follow-up therapy, emergency departments (EDs) occasionally utilize a high-dose buprenorphine induction method for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). The objective of this study is to investigate the safety and tolerability of high-dose (>12 mg) buprenorphine induction for patients with OUD presenting to an ED.
During the past decade, heated aerosolized nicotine delivery systems (HANDS) —mainly e-cigarettes—have surpassed nicotine replacement therapy as the most utilized aids for stopping smoking in England.
The World Health Organization identifies alcohol as a cause of several neoplasias of the oropharynx cavity, esophagus, gastrointestinal tract, larynx, liver, or female breast. We review ethanol’s nonoxidative and oxidative metabolism and one-carbon metabolism that encompasses both redox and transfer reactions that influence crucial cell proliferation machinery.
Brief treatment (BT) or regular outpatient alcohol use or substance use disorder (SUD) treatment is a key element of the Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) model. It can be an effective, short-term, and low-cost treatment option for many people who misuse alcohol and drugs. Nevertheless, inconsistent BT implementation often costs similar to regular outpatient care.
Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to assist nations in reducing the demand and supply of tobacco. In 2020, 182 nations joined the FCTC, approving to implement the recommended tobacco control measures.
Over the past era, there has been a call for legalizing marijuana cultivation and trading for commercial purposes in South Africa. Advocates of the call argue that the criminalization of commercial marijuana cultivation and trading has failed to stop illicit marijuana cultivation and trading. Nevertheless, the views of those who economically benefit from the illicit marijuana trade on its legalization remain empirically unsolicited.
Importance: Emergency departments (EDs) sporadically use a high-dose buprenorphine induction strategy for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD) in response to the increasing potency of the illicit opioid drug supply and commonly encountered delays in access to follow-up care.
Each year there are 3 million deaths as a result of the harmful use of alcohol.
As alcohol gets broken down, chemicals affect the way our body sends signals and communicates and increase the chances of developing cancer.
In this article, published in Lancet Oncology, the researchers present global, regional, and national estimates of alcohol-attributable cancer burden in 2020.
Findings:
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the drug and violence resistance educational program (PROERD) on short-term secondary outcomes, such as intentions to use drugs, attitudes toward drugs, school experience, and life skills (refusal, decision-making, and communication).
Research from the University of Exeter has highlighted how childhood trauma can make individuals more sensitive to the pleasurable and motivational effects of opioids and less sensitive to the negative consequence of the drugs.
The research, which has been published in the journal of Addiction Biology, aimed to assess the impact of childhood trauma on responses to morphine and pain processing.
Background:Substance use among young pregnant women is a common and significant public health concern associated with a number of adverse outcomes for both mothers and infants. Social media posts by young women can provide valuable, real-world insight into their perceptions of substance use immediately before and during pregnancy.
Introduction:
Telemedicine (TM) enabled by digital health technologies to provide medical services has been considered a key solution to increasing health care access in rural communities.
Background: Patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) often have complex health care needs. Methadone is one of the medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) used in the management of OUDs. Highly restrictive methadone treatment—which requires patient compliance with many rules of care—often results in low retention, especially if there is inadequate support from healthcare providers (HCPs).
During the COVID-19 pandemic, countries around the world have introduced lockdown restrictions and social distancing measures to reduce the spread of the virus. Researchers are keen to understand how these policies and new measures have influenced drinking behaviours within particular groups.
Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) disproportionately impacts rural and American Indian communities and has quadrupled among pregnant individuals nationwide in the past two decades. Yet, limited data are available about access and quality of care available to pregnant individuals in rural areas, particularly among American Indians (AIs).
Background: There is no longer support for the idea that brief intervention programmes alone can contribute meaningfully to the improvement of population health relating to alcohol. As a result, calls for major innovations and paradigm shifts grow, notably among research leaders.
This work is part of a collaborative study involving research teams in Canada and Mexico. The general objective is to describe the process of cultural adaptation and semantic validation of three measuring instruments on stigma and mental illness in Mexico City.
Rates of smoking among people living with HIV are greater than the number of people who smoke within the general population.
This article, published in the Journal of Nicotine and Tobacco, examines the smoking patterns and behaviours of people living with HIV and who are receiving care in Uganda.
Introduction: alcohol consumption during pregnancy (CADE) is recommended, which produces physical, cognitive and behavioral problems in the mother and fetus, so it is recommended to abstinence from this substance during pregnancy; however, factors present in adolescents may be related to the onset or continuation of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
The ventral striatum (VS) is considered a key region that flexibly updates recent changes in reward values for habit learning. However, this update process may not serve to maintain learned habitual behaviours, which are insensitive to value changes.
Introducción: la atención es un proceso básico relacionado con el comportamiento adictivo. En fumadores, los estímulos asociados al consumo son relevantes debido a que están presentes en el inicio y en la consolidación del hábito tabáquico.
Previous research using whole-brain neuroimaging techniques has revealed structural differences of grey matter (GM) in alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients. However, some of the findings diverge from other neuroimaging studies and require further replication.
Rates of smoking among those with serious mental illness (SMI) are two to three times higher than for the general population. Smoking is rarely addressed in mental health settings. Innovative outreach and treatment strategies are needed to address these disparities.
Studies on the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) and its risk factors have shown worldwide the preponderant role of accidents and violence in the burden of disease and the role of alcohol consumption as a main risk factor in the current epidemiological profile (GBD 2019 Risk Factors Collaborators, 2020; GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators, 2020).
Supporting Women to Access Appropriate Treatment (SWAAT) is a National Drugs Strategy Strand 2 Strategic Health Initiative which aims to build community capacity to support women to access treatment and recovery from drug and alcohol use across the Tallaght and Ballyfermot LDATF areas.
Introduction: Research findings about intimate-partner violence (IPV) have focused mostly on women as victims of violence. Recent studies show the importance of violence inflicted by women towards men or between same-sex couples.
Introduction: In Mexico, alcohol consumption is the main problem related to substance use among university students.
Objective: To analyze emerging alcohol consumption patterns in students at a public university through the administration of an online survey.
Tobacco smoking and e-cigarette use are strongly associated, but it is currently unclear whether this association is causal, or due to shared factors that influence both behaviours such as a shared genetic liability. The aim of this study was to investigate whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for smoking initiation are associated with ever use of e-cigarettes.