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Gender-Specific Substance Use Patterns and Associations with Individual, Family, Peer, and School Factors in 15-Year-Old Portuguese Adolescents: A Latent Class Regression Analysis
Background
Adolescence is a critical period of vulnerability to substance use. Recent research has shown that gender differences in adolescence substance use are complex and in constant flux. The present study aims to investigate gender...
Does Occupational Distress Raise the Risk of Alcohol Use, Binge-Eating, Ill Health and Sleep Problems among Medical Doctors? A UK Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of health problems (eg, insomnia, binge-eating, substance use and ill health) among UK doctors and to investigate whether occupational distress increases the risk of health...
Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Delivery of Brief Interventions for Smoking and Excessive Drinking: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Household Survey in England
Abstract
Objectives: Brief interventions (BI) for smoking and risky drinking are effective and cost-effective policy approaches to reducing alcohol harm currently used in primary care in England; however, little is known about their...
Alcohol Industry CSR Organisations: What Can Their Twitter Activity Tell Us about Their Independence and Their Priorities? A Comparative Analysis
Abstract
There are concerns about the accuracy of the health information provided by alcohol industry (AI)-funded organisations and about their independence. We conducted a content analysis of the health information disseminated by AI...
The Response of Retailers in Scotland to the Standardised Packaging of Tobacco Products Regulations and Tobacco Products Directive
Abstract
Introduction
With most marketing channels prohibited, the retail environment has assumed greater importance for tobacco companies, even in markets with a ban on the open display of tobacco products. Research has yet to...
A Rapid Systematic Review of What We Know about Alcohol Use Disorders and Brief Interventions in the Criminal Justice System
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Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to review the evidence of alcohol use disorders within the different stages of the criminal justice system in the UK. Furthermore it reviewed the worldwide evidence of alcohol brief interventions...
Smoking During Pregnancy , Stigma and Secrets
There is significant evidence to suggest that smoking while pregnant is harmful to the baby increases the risk of miscarriage, and premature birth. The Statistics on smoking, England: 2018 compendium report shows that in 2017-18, 10.8% of...
Opportunistic Screening for Alcohol Use Problems in Adolescents Attending Emergency Departments: An Evaluation of Screening Tools
Abstract
Objective
To estimate and compare the optimal cut-off score of Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and AUDIT-C in identifying at-risk alcohol consumption, heavy episodic alcohol use, ICD-10 alcohol abuse and...
Drinking in Later Life: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis of Qualitative Studies Exploring Older People’s Perceptions and Experiences
Abstract
Background
Alcohol presents risks to the health of older adults at levels that may have been ‘safer’ earlier in life. Moderate drinking is associated with some health benefits, and can play a positive role in older people’s...
Responding to the Health Needs of Survivors of Human Trafficking: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Background
Despite the multiple physical and psychological health consequences associated with human trafficking, there is little evidence-based guidance available for health providers on assessing and meeting the health...
Chemsex: More than just Sex & Drugs
Supporting a friend, partner, or family member affected by problematic alcohol or drug use can be difficult. Adfam has released a new resource to inform and providing advice on how to look after your wellbeing and as well as that of your...
Managing Alcohol-Related Attendances in Emergency Care: Can Diversion to Bespoke Services Lessen the Burden?
Abstract
Acute alcohol intoxication (AAI) has a long history of burdening emergency care services. Healthcare systems around the world have explored a variety of different services that divert AAI away from EDs to better manage their...
Adversity, Cannabis Use and Psychotic Experiences
Abstract
Background
There is robust evidence that childhood adversity is associated with an increased risk of psychosis. There is, however, little research on intervening factors that might increase or decrease risk following...
Perceived Addiction to Smoking and Associations with Motivation to Stop, Quit Attempts and Quitting Success
Abstract
Aims
Some argue that perceived addiction to smoking (PAS) might undermine motivation to stop. We examined the association of PAS with motivation to stop in a population sample and assessed its association with past and future...
Roll-Your-Own Cigarette Use and Smoking Cessation Behaviour: A Cross-Sectional Population Study in England
Abstract
Objectives: Roll-your-own (RYO) cigarettes have become popular in the UK and reduce the cost of smoking, potentially mitigating the impact of tax increases on quitting. We examined whether RYO cigarette use was associated with...
Neighbourhood Tobacco Supply and Individual Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy
Abstract
Background: Tobacco policy is increasingly focusing on the ‘tobacco endgame’ which commits to eradicating tobacco use (prevalence below 5%) within the next two decades. Strategies for achieving the endgame are likely to include...
A Qualitative Exploration of School-Based Staff’s Experiences of Delivering an Alcohol Screening and Brief Intervention in the High School Setting
Abstract
Background
Whilst underage drinking in the UK has been declining in recent years, prevalence is still higher than in most other Western European countries. Therefore, it is important to deliver effective interventions to...
Investigating the Growing Trend of Non-Drinking among Young People
Abstract
Background
Non-drinking among young people has increased over the past decade in England, yet the underlying factor driving this change is unknown. Traditionally non-drinking has been found to be associated with lower socio...
Alcohol Consumption and the Risk of Dementia
It is believed that the number of people living with dementia will triple by 2050. There is yet no cure for the disease therefore prevention is key. There are several modifiable lifestyle risk factors that are thought to be associated with...
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