The term drug can refer to either a medication or a non-medically used psychoactive substance, making it context-dependent and sometimes ambiguous. In medicine, it denotes any substance used to prevent, treat, or cure disease, while in pharmacology, it refers to any chemical that affects the body’s biochemical or physiological processes.
In common usage, however, drug often refers specifically to psychoactive or illicit substances, which can contribute to stigma and misunderstanding. To promote clarity and reduce stigma, it is recommended to use more precise terms such as “medication” for prescribed treatments or “non-medically used psychoactive substance” when referring to illicit or recreational use.
Sources: Recovery Research Institute; UNODC; HRB