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Reductions in Corpus Callosum Volume Partially Mediate Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on IQ
Disproportionate volume reductions in the basal ganglia, corpus callosum (CC) and hippocampus have been reported in children with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). However, few studies have investigated these reductions in high prevalence...
Effects of Acute Alcohol Intoxication on Empathic Neural Responses for Pain
The questions whether and how empathy for pain can be modulated by acute alcohol intoxication in the non-dependent population remain unanswered. To address these questions, a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject study design was...
Medical Council on Alcohol 2017-18 Legacy Essay Competition
History & Latest information
This prize started in 1985 when the Frowen family lost their son Micheal due to alcohol related health issues. Since then we have relied on the kindness of others to donate money to help fund this prize. We...
Generating Revenue by Raising Tobacco Taxes in Latin America and the Caribbean
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if raising tobacco taxes in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region will generate extra tax revenue, even at outer edges of the sensitivity analysis, with relatively...
Tobacco Product Use among Military Veterans — United States, 2010–2015
Summary
What is already known about this topic?
In the United States, the prevalence of adverse health conditions caused by tobacco use is particularly high among veterans; however, data on use of tobacco products other than cigarettes in...
Most-Read Knowledge Share Articles of 2017
Here is a selection of the most-read Knowledge Share articles of 2017. These are the articles that captivated our members most.
Effectiveness Bank Hot Topic: Measuring Alcohol-Related Harm: Politics and Science
At national level alcohol-related harm and especially the net cost of harm versus benefits are slippery concepts. Malleability and policy salience combine to make the estimates contested territory, seen as justifying reduced alcohol taxes...
Exposure to Tobacco Secondhand Smoke and Its Associated Factors among Non-Smoking Adults in Smoking-Restricted and Non-Restricted Areas
Abstract
Objectives: Secondhand smoke (SHS) has been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, the aims of the paper are to assess SHS exposure among non-smoking adults in Malaysia attending various smoking-restricted...
Association of Occasional Smoking with Total Mortality in the Population-Based Tromsø Study
Abstract
Objectives: There is a shift in the smoking population from daily smokers to light or occasional smokers. The knowledge about possible adverse health effects of this new smoking pattern is limited. We investigated smoking habits...
The Effect of Cigarette Smoking during Pregnancy on Endocrine Pancreatic Function and Fetal Growth
Introduction: Cigarette smoking in pregnancy is a common cause of fetal growth restriction. We aimed to investigate endocrine pancreatic function of mother–infant dyads in relation to cigarette smoking, as a possible mechanism for the poor...
Identifying and Treating Patients Who Use Tobacco
'Million Hearts' is an initiative launched by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that aims to prevent 1 million heart attacks and strokes by promoting evidence-based intervention through communities, health systems, non-profit...
Reviewing Inclusion Health: An Intervention Programme for At-Risk Populations
Inclusion Health is a framework for action that helps find ways of improving the health and well-being for socially excluded groups. These populations, who have in common adverse life experiences and risk factors, such as poverty and...
The Adolescent Brain – Wired for Taking Risks
‘The Adolescent Brain – Wired for Taking Risks’ is a briefing paper from Mentor ADEPIS and forms part of a series of such resources on drug and alcohol education and prevention for teachers and practitioners. It takes a look at the role...
Positive and Negative Parenting Associated with Severe Problems of Child Behavior
Abstract
Introduction: Certain child rearing practices are associated with severe behavioral problems in children.
Objective: To assess the relationship between child rearing practices and severe behavioral problems in children.
Results...
Tobacco and Its Environmental Impact: An Overview
Overview
This overview assembles existing evidence on the ways in which tobacco affects human well-being from an environmental perspective – i.e. the indirect social and economic damage caused by the cultivation, production, distribution...
Are Political Views Related to Smoking and Support for Tobacco Control Policies? A Survey across 28 European Countries
Abstract
Background
General political views are rarely considered when discussing public support for tobacco control policies and tobacco use. The aim of this study was to explore potential associations between political views, smoking...
No Clear Role for Medications in Less Dependent Drinkers
In 2013 nalmefene was authorised for moderating drinking among patients not in need of detoxification, extending pharmacotherapy to less dependent drinkers. Though uniquely authorised for this purpose, this review found other (and probably...
Risk and Protective Factors for Substance Use in High-Risk Populations
There tends to be an increase in prevalence of substance use issues within populations living in urban areas and where poverty levels are high.
Certain risk factors, more common in deprived areas, are particularly associated with substance...
Analysis of the Chemical Composition of Smokable Cocaine Substances
This Compendium of the Chemical Composition of Smokable Cocaines is part of the Project on Smokable Cocaines in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay, coordinated by the Inter-American Observatory on Drugs of the Inter-American...
Are E-Cigarettes Really 'Healthier' Than Traditional Cigarettes?
There is much debate as to whether e-cigarettes are in fact ‘better’ for you than traditional cigarettes because their potential adverse effects are only beginning to be researched. Combine this with the fact that, between 2011 and 2015...