Abstract

Background and aims

Among European countries, France is particularly concerned by adolescent tobacco smoking, especially in disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds (SES). We measured the respective contributions of parental smoking and family living arrangements to social disparities in smoking during adolescence.

A total of 13 314 adolescents answered a pen-and-paper questionnaire about their own tobacco consumption and the smoking of their parents.

Findings

Adolescents living within very privileged and privileged SES were significantly less likely to report daily tobacco...

Summary

This report presents an analysis of the drug markets in the European Neighbourhood Policy-East region covering Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. Focused on providing insights into drug production, trafficking, sale, use and harms, the report contains data and information from studies conducted between 2019 and 2022 in the framework of the EU4Monitoring Drugs project, funded by the European Commission.

It concludes with an outlook on key areas for policy and practice to address emerging drug markets’ challenges.

Objective: to explore wastewater analysis as a methodology contributing to EU preparedness and response

Background: COVID-19 has raised the attention of Europe, and globally, on the importance of readiness towards potential emergencies. Improved and innovative monitoring methodologies are at the core of the research-based actions taken to respond to potential threats.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE), also known as wastewater monitoring or wastewater surveillance, only began to gain traction as an epidemiological tool in the early 21st century with a diverse array of applications but...

Summary

The purpose of this report is to examine the current situation, risks and responses to the recreational use of nitrous oxide in Europe. To support this, the report also provides a state-of-the-art review of the chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of the gas. It is intended for policymakers and practitioners.

The report is structured as follows:

• Section 1 provides a summary of the current situation, established risks and responses.
• Section 2 is a technical review of the chemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, individual risks and legitimate uses.
• Section 3 provides an overview of...

Background

Novel public health interventions are needed to address the toxic drug supply and meet the needs of people who use drugs amidst the overdose crisis. Safer supply – low-barrier distribution of pharmaceutical grade substances – has been implemented in some jurisdictions to provide safer alternatives to the unregulated drug supply, yet no studies to date have explored professional stakeholder perspectives on this approach.

Methods

We used purposive sampling to recruit professional stakeholders (n = 17) from four locations in British Columbia, Ontario, and Nova Scotia, including...

The EMCDDA and the University Institute of Lisbon (ISCTE-IUL) are delighted to open registration today for two upcoming joint events in 2023: the European Drugs Winter School (EDWS) and the European Drugs Summer School (EDSS) (1)(2).

EDWS: 13–24 February 2023 (online): This year, the theme will be ‘Displaced populations and drug- related issues’, with one full day dedicated to this topic. The two-week course will feature live lunchtime lectures with experts and practitioners, followed by afternoon exercises. Virtual fieldwork tours will also be offered. Completion of exercises and an exam are...

BACKGROUND:

A close relationship between a parent and a child and parental acceptance can mediate the appropriate self-acceptance of an adolescent, which is an important variable related to personality and a pillar of emotional health. In the paper we present the conclusions of a research study about the quality of the attachment towards parents and self-acceptance of adolescents at Czech secondary schools.

AIMS:

The aim of the study was the exploration of the relation between the attachment style and self-acceptance.

SAMPLE:

The research sample consists of 3,239 adolescents aged 15–19 in...

مدیریت احتمالی (CM) یک درمان روانی بر اساس تهویه دیاپرانت است. این شامل ارائه انگیزه در ازای دستیابی به یک رفتار هدف مانند دوری و یا دیگر متغیر های مرتبط با درمان (به عنوان دیگر حضور در جلسه، پایبندی به دارو). هدف از این مقاله معرفی منطقی CM برای مصرف مواد و به طور خاص، برای مصرف سیگار بود. بدن رو به رشد از ادبیات امپراتوری پشتیبانی CM به عنوان یک درمان موثر برای ترک سیگار در هر دو در جمعیت عمومی و در میان دیگر سیگاری ها سخت به درمان (به عنوان مثل زنان باردار و یا مصرف کنندگان مواد). با وجود این، CM همچنان درمان حداقل اجرا شده در تنظیمات بالینی، اساسا به دلیل هزینه های درک شده خود را از نظر هر...

سابقه و هدف:

سیستم های تحویل نیکوتین الکترونیکی (ENDS) یک ایروسل را با بخار کردن مایع های الکترونیکی تولید می کنند که معمولاً از پرپیلن گلیکول (PG)، گلیسیرین سبزیجات (VG)، و دیگر مواد (آب، نیکوتین، و طعم دهنده ها) تشکیل شده است. خواص شیمیایی و فیزیکی این قطعات تاثیر قابل توجهی بر تشکیل ایرول دارد و باید به منظور بهبود جذابیت محصول و ارزیابی درجه خطرات بهداشتی شناسایی شود.

هدف:

هدف از این مقاله ارائه شرحی از ترکیب پایه مایع الکترونیکی و تاثیر آن بر خواص فیزیکی مایع مورد استفاده و رفتار ذرات و ذرات تولید شده به طور جداگانه است.

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