This refers to behaviours or actions, often by loved ones or institutions, that unintentionally support or maintain an individual’s addictive behaviour by reducing or eliminating natural consequences of substance use.
This term is viewed as stigmatising, as it may imply blame or moral judgment toward those offering help. It is recommended to use non-stigmatising language, such as “supporting recovery while maintaining healthy boundaries.”
Sources: UPenn; Recovery Research Institute, NIDA