Research

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought major challenges to healthcare systems and public health policies globally, as it requires novel treatment and prevention strategies to adapt for the impact of the pandemic. Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) are at risk population for contamination due to multiple factors—attributable to their clinical, psychological and psychosocial conditions.

When an individual smokes a cigarette (or roll-up, pipe or cigar), most of the smoke doesn't go into their lungs, it goes into the air around them where anyone nearby can breathe it in. This is known as second-hand smoke.

Infants and children are particularly vulnerable to the negative impact of smoke.

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many practitioners to shift their practice online, using telemedicine to treat Opioid Use Disorder. This has allowed for the continuity of essential care whilst adhering to the social distancing guidelines, which protect people from the spread of infection.

This international consensus statement can be used by clinicians and patients together in a shared decision-making process to select the best interventions and to reach optimal outcomes in adolescent patients with concurrent ADHD and SUD.

There is extensive research highlighting the negative short term and long term impact of alcohol use.

Although there is a vast amount of research investigating alcohol use among youth in high-income countries; there is a lack of research on alcohol use among youth in low-income countries

Uganda has very high alcohol consumption rates.

This study indemnifies the perception of quality of life and health status in outpatient treatment for problematic consumption of psychoactive substances, in an organization of the Civil Society of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Two predefined questionnaires were applied, Quality of Life Enjoyment and Questionnaire Satisfaction Short Form and SF36 to measure the quality of life and health status perceived by the users of the device.

According to the WHO, harmful alcohol use is one of the leading risk factors for the global burden of disease.

In response to concerning trends, governments around the world have intervened in the market for alcohol by levying specific taxes.  

Research suggests that early initiation of alcohol use is a risk factor for multiple problems later in life, including heavy episodic drinking and alcohol use disorders.

Prevention scientists are particularly interested in understanding the reasons why young people experiment with alcohol and measures that can be introduced to help reduce alcohol use amongst this age group.

Below are two-page summaries of research carried out by the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction group.

Combined pharmacotherapy and behavioural interventions for smoking cessation

Abstract

Globally, incarceration is understood to impoverish the wellbeing of prisoners, but evidence for its impact on cognitive performance is less popular.

مجرده

الخلفيه

يتميز اضطراب تعاطي التبغ (TUD) بوجود تحيز الانتباه (AB) تجاه المحفزات المتعلقة بالتدخين. لقد قمنا بالتحقيق فيما إذا كان الجمع بين نموذج تعديل AB (ABM) مع التحفيز الحالي المتناوب (tACS) المطبق على قشرة الفص الجبهي الظهرية (DLPFC) يقلل من AB نحو المحفزات المتعلقة بالتدخين ، وكذلك مستوى الرغبة الشديدة والخيارات المتهورة.

مجرده

الهدف

لمكافحة وباء المواد الأفيونية المتنامية، يحتاج الأشخاص الذين يتعاطون المخدرات إلى الحصول على الأدوية لعلاج اضطراب تعاطي المواد الأفيونية (MOUD) كجزء من العلاج الشامل. وعلى الرغم من التقدم المحرز، لا تزال هناك فجوات في العلاج. وكان هدفنا هو استخدام نموذج التخزين المؤقت الجغرافي المكاني لتقدير إمكانية الحصول على العلاج لمقدمي خدمات البوبرينورفين على الصعيد الوطني.

Abstract

Background

The use of illicit substances is correlated, meaning that individuals who use one illicit substance are more likely to also use another illicit substance. This association could (partly) be explained by overlapping genetic factors. Genetic overlap may indicate a common underlying genetic predisposition, or can be the result of a causal association.

A General Practitioner (GP) is often the first point of contact for people struggling with alcohol related issues. These doctors must be trained to detect problematic drinking as well as have the confidence and skills to have open conversations with patients. 

Feedback from patients who have received support from their GP helps inform guidance to having these conversations.

Abstract

Background Standardised packaging for factory-made cigarettes (FM) and roll-your-own tobacco (RYO), and a minimum excise tax (MET) were fully implemented in the UK in May 2017 following a 12-month transition period. This paper is the first to examine effects on tobacco sales volumes and company revenues.

Abstract

Background

The international Life In Recovery (LiR) surveys have provided an important message to the public and policy makers about the reality of change from addiction to recovery, consistently demonstrating both that there are marked gains across a range of life domains and that the longer the person is in recovery the better their recovery strengths and achievements.

Smoking rates among people with a mental health condition are significantly higher than in the general population. 

Research has also found that individuals with mental health issues who smoke are more likely to smoke heavily and extract more nicotine from each cigarette compared to people who smoke who do not have a mental health condition.

In March 2012 the Health and Social Care Act (HSCA) was approved, resulting in the commissioning responsibility of specialist drug and alcohol service transferring from the National Health Service (NHS) to local authorities in England.

This shift was designed to allow greater flexibility and freedom to respond to local need.

Abstract

Importance: An important consequence of cannabis legalization is the potential increase in the number of cannabis-impaired drivers on roads, which may result in higher rates of traffic-related injuries and fatalities. To date, limited information about the effects of recreational cannabis laws (RCLs) on traffic fatalities is available.

The interrelated epidemics of opioid use disorder (OUD) and HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have been identified as one of the most pressing syndemics facing the United States today.