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ABSTRACT

Background: Applying theory to the design and evaluation of interventions is likely to increase effectiveness and improve the evidence base from which future interventions are developed, though few interventions report this.

Obje...

Abstraktní

Pozadí

V roce 2009 Mexiko reformovalo svůj zdravotní zákon tak, aby částečně dekriminalizovalo držení drog pro osobní potřebu a zvýšilo povinné předávání do certifikovaných center drogové rehabilitace namísto uvěznění. Současně...

Abstract

Introduction: The study investigates health and social conditions among pregnant substance abusers and the children that were born from these pregnancies, and analyses outcomes in relation to type of substance abuse.

Methods: Reg...

ABSTRAKTNÍ

Východiska: Konzumace soli aktivuje mozkový systém odměny, vyvolává chutě a hledání slaného jídla. Jeho nadměrný příjem je spojen s vysokým krevním tlakem a obezitou. Vysoké množství soli ve zpracovaných potravinách je s...

Abstract

[ABSTRACT]. Objective: To analyze trends in mortality due to diseases and conditions fully attributable to alcohol in Brazil. Methods: This was an ecological time-series study. Proportional, specific, and age-standardized...

Abstract

Background:

Breast cancer survivors who consume alcohol excessively are at increased risk of recurrence and have worse prognosis. Because the environments in which people live shape many health behaviors, there has been increased...

Key Points

Question: What is the association of cigar, pipe, and cigarette use with mortality risk in the US population?

Findings: In this nationally representative longitudinal cohort study of 357 420 participants comparing exclusive...

Background: Childhood trauma affects neurodevelopment and promotes vulnerability to impaired constraint, depression, and addiction. Reduced gray matter concentration (GMC) in the mesocorticolimbic regions implicated in reward processing and...

Sigma σ1 and σ2 receptors are targets of cocaine. Despite sharing a similar name, the two receptors are structurally unrelated and their physiological role is unknown. Cocaine increases the level of dopamine, a key neurotransmitter in CNS...

Abstraktní

Úvod: Popisné údaje o současném výskytu alkoholu a užívání kokainu jsou vzácné, a to i přes jeho významnou prevalenci. Duální poruchy vykazují vysokou prevalenci v klinických vzorcích a pacienti hlásí horší vývoj a potřebují...

Abstract

Background

Much work has investigated the association between substance use, crime, and recidivism, yet little scholarship has examined these associations longitudinally among samples of recently released prisoners. We examine...

Objective: Comorbidity between personality disorders (PD) and substance-use disorders (SUD) is one of the most common findings in the psychiatric field. The patients with Cluster C disorders present maladjustment traits often characterized...

Abstract

Background: Only 29% of cannabis dependent individuals seek treatment, yet significant decreases in cannabis use are seen in 31-36% of individuals that seek treatment. Follow-up studies have found that over 60% in substance use...

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This study focused on lapse shortly after an attempt to quit smoking. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) studies have mapped real-time situational factors that induce lapses in everyday life. However, the possible...