This refers to a series of global treaties established to regulate and control the production, distribution, and use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, as well as to combat drug trafficking and related crimes. The three primary conventions forming the foundation of international drug control are:
The Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961, amended in 1972), established an international system to control narcotic drugs and consolidate previous drug control agreements.
The Convention on Psychotropic Substances (1971), created a framework to regulate psychotropic substances such as amphetamines, barbiturates, and hallucinogens.
The United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (1988), introduced comprehensive measures to address drug trafficking, including the prevention of money laundering, control of precursor chemicals, and facilitation of international cooperation through extradition and shared enforcement efforts.
Together, these conventions, administered under the oversight of the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), form the cornerstone of international drug policy, promoting coordination among nations to ensure the safe medical use of controlled substances while minimizing their misuse and illegal trade.