Clinical characteristics of adolescents with substance use disorders in outpatient care in Costa Rica
Source:
Abstract
Substance use in adolescents is associated with high psychiatric comorbidity and multiple psychosocial vulnerabilities. The aim of the study was to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, as well as patterns of substance use, in adolescents receiving outpatient treatment for substance use. An observational, descriptive, retrospective study was conducted based on the review of 333 clinical records. Clinical variables, patterns of use, and vulnerabilities were analyzed. High psychiatric morbidity was observed (anxiety 42.3%, depression 39.6%), along with risk behaviors (self-harm 32.7%, suicidal ideation 27%). Females showed a higher likelihood of depression, anxiety, and suicidal behavior, while males exhibited a more externalizing profile. Substance use was predominantly polysubstance, with cannabis, alcohol, and nicotine being the most prominent. Cannabis showed the highest progression to dependence (41%) and a higher prevalence in males. Family and neurodevelopmental vulnerabilities were significantly associated with substance use. It is concluded that adolescents in treatment present high clinical and psychosocial complexity. Substance use is primarily related to cumulative vulnerabilities, supporting the need for comprehensive, sex-specific interventions focused on family and developmental factors.
- ISSUP members can join Networks to comment – Sign in or become a member