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Theories and Science
Application of scientific theories and research to understand and prevent substance use, including prevention science.
Psychological and Psychosocial Interventions for Cannabis Cessation in Adults
Abstract
Objective: Many psychological and psychosocial interventions have been developed to treat regular users of cannabis, but it is unclear which intervention(s) are the most effective. This article aims to assess the effectiveness of...
Overview of European University-Based Study Programmes in the Addictions Field
In 2015, the team from the Department of Addictology (First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague) in cooperation with our colleague from the Department of Community Medicine & Health Care...
Identifying Viable Theoretical Frameworks with Essential Parameters for Real-Time and Real World Alcohol Craving Research
Abstract
Background: Substance use is known to be episodic, dynamic, complex, and highly influenced by the environment, therefore a situational and momentary focus to alcohol craving research is appropriate. Current advances in mobile and...
Dissemination and Implementation in Health for Researchers and Practitioners
Closing the gap between research discovery and clinical and community practice is essential if we are to succeed in improving our nation’s health.
Understanding how best to disseminate and implement evidence-based healthcare and prevention...
Reported Theory Use by Digital Interventions for Hazardous and Harmful Alcohol Consumption, and Association with Effectiveness
ABSTRACT
Background: Applying theory to the design and evaluation of interventions is likely to increase effectiveness and improve the evidence base from which future interventions are developed, though few interventions report this.
Obje...
A Study of Alcohol Use Pattern among Married Men in Rural Tamil Nadu, India - Policy Implications
Abstract
Alcohol consumption pattern in India varies remarkably from many other countries. In India, most men are abstainers (70% to 90%) while less than 2% of women use alcohol. However, the men who use alcohol tend to drink at hazardous...
Cognition and Impulsivity in Adults with ADHD with and without Cocaine and/or Crack Dependence
Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a common comorbidity in adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, there have been few studies on cognitive profiles of these patients. Impulsivity is also commonly...
Improving the Measurement of School Climate
Sarah Lindstrom Johnson, Ray E. Reichenberg, Kathan Shukula, Tracy E. Waasdorp, Catherine Bradshaw
Introduction: Research over the past decade has provided clarity in defining school climate, improvements in its measurement, and more...
But Who Does It Work for? Impacts of Executive Function on Healthy Relationships Program Efficacy
Deinera Exner-Cortens, David A Wolfe, J. Bruce Morton, Claire V Crooks
Introduction: Promoting healthy relationships is increasingly recognized as key to violence prevention; however, evaluation of healthy relationships programs for youth...
Evaluation of an Online Parenting Programme Based on ‘the Little Parent Handbook’
Margiad Elen Williams, Dawn Adele Owen
Introduction: Whilst there are evidence based services for parents of children with identified behaviour problems, the demands on parents have increased and now many parents are seeking advice on...
Drug Use in Adolescence: Association with Gender, Parenting Practices, Self-Efficacy and Future Time Perspective
Luis G. A. Vinha, Nayara D M A A Khouri, Sheila Giardini Murta
The use of both illegal and legal drugs among adolescents poses a serious problem to societies worldwide. In this sense, it is fundamental to determine the risk and protective...
Effectiveness Bank Hot Topic: Does It Matter If Addiction Is a Brain Disease?
Seizing on the theory’s propaganda value, in 1997 the head of the US National Institute on Drug Abuse proclaimed, “Addiction Is a Brain Disease, and It Matters.” His contention has been hailed as a breakthrough or condemned as a...
A Social-Ecological Framework of Theory, Assessment, and Prevention of Suicide
The juxtaposition of increasing suicide rates with continued calls for suicide prevention efforts begs for new approaches. Grounded in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) framework for tackling health issues, this personal...
Editorial: Evidence-Based Public Health: Why, What and How
INTRODUCTION
In 2009, Brownson et al. (1) noted the growing consensus that evidence-based public health (EBPH) decision-making is influenced by three factors—namely, (1) best available evidence, (2) resources, and (3) population needs...
Syndemic Risk Classes and Substance Use Problems among Adults in High-Risk Urban Areas
Substance use problems tend to co-occur with risk factors that are especially prevalent in urban communities with high rates of poverty. The present study draws on Syndemics Theory to understand profiles of risk and resilience and their...
Equipping Community Pharmacy Workers as Agents for Health Behaviour Change
Abstract
Objective: To develop a complex intervention for community pharmacy staff to promote uptake of smoking cessation services and to increase quit rates.
Design: Following the Medical Research Council framework, we used a mixed...
Should you Recommend Acupuncture to Patients with Substance Use Disorders?
Acupuncture is an ancient therapeutic tool known to be the core of traditional Chinese medicine. Two theories suggest positive outcomes in patients treated with acupuncture:
- The oxidative stress reduction theory states that a “large body...
Contrasting Trends of Smoking Cessation Status
Abstract
Objective
The World Health Organization recommends that smokers be offered help to quit. A better understanding of smokers’ interest in and commitment to quitting could guide tobacco control efforts. We assessed temporal...
Gender-Specific Predictors of At-Risk Adolescents’ Hazardous Alcohol Use
Abstract
Background
Previous research has found strong associations between adolescents’ hazardous alcohol use and their perception of peer behavior, as well as own spending money and a range of antisocial behaviors. However, there is...
Organisational Influences on Psychosocial Therapies
Latest instalment of online course on alcohol treatment research. See if you agree with influential US researchers that “organizational climate underlies the entire process of innovation adoption”, appreciate the effect of high staff...
