Trends in Substance Use Among Young People in the EU: A Secondary Analysis of Available Data

INTRODUCTION: Substance use among adolescents in the European Union constitutes a significant public health challenge. Particularly concerning are the early onset of use, patterns of polydrug consumption, and the emergence of novel psychoactive substances. This study examines prevailing trends and associated mental health risks through a secondary analysis of available data sources.

METHODS: The study employs secondary analysis of quantitative data from international and national databases (EMCDDA, ESPAD, Euro-DEN Plus, Public Health England), focusing on adolescents aged 10–24 years. The analysis centres on prevalence rates, types of substances used, age of initiation, and gender-based differences.

RESULTS: The results indicate a high prevalence of cannabis, alcohol, and novel psychoactive substance use among adolescents, with the majority initiating use before the age of 15. Polydrug use is predominant, mental health disorders are common, and girls exhibit greater vulnerability. Regional disparities highlight the uneven effectiveness of prevention efforts across the EU.

CONCLUSIONS: The conclusion highlights the need for early, gender-sensitive prevention and targeted interventions, as well as harmonised data collection across the EU. The growing prevalence of substance use and associated mental health challenges among adolescents calls for a multidisciplinary approach, integrated service delivery, and strengthened mental health support as a core component of public health systems.