The shame and stigma among people with comorbid hepatitis C virus and substance use disorder: a narrative review

The presence of dual diagnosis of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection and substance use disorder (SUD) creates a significant medical and psychological burden, frequently intensifying feelings of Stigma and shame in an individual. Individuals living with both HCV and SUD frequently face dual stigmatization, which can result in widespread discrimination, social isolation, and worsened mental health, lowering their overall quality of life and motivation to seek treatment . Using a synthesis of existing literature, this narrative review aims to shed light on the complex nature of Stigma and shame among HCV-infected patients with cooccurring SUD and try to summarize how these characteristics influence treatment participation and long-term health outcomes. This review highlights the importance of comprehensive care methods that integrate physical and mental health interventions, addressing not only the biological components of these disorders but also the psychosocial implications that impede effective care. Targeted intervention techniques that aim to reduce Stigma and develop resilience have the potential to improve patient involvement, adherence, and recovery . Early diagnosis and risk stratification have been identified as essential components in establishing focused preventative and therapeutic strategies.