Towards Comprehensive Sexuality Education in the Czech Republic: A Qualitative Study of Practitioners‘ Perspectives on Key Themes and Methods

INTRODUCTION: This study explores the perspectives of Czech practitioners on sexuality education (SE) for upper primary school students (ISCED level 2). It focuses on the topics they consider relevant, including those currently underrepresented in school curricula as well as the approaches and methods they apply in practice. The framework of Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) is used as a lens for interpreting their experiences and practices.

METHODS: Fourteen practitioners participated in two semi-structured focus groups (n = 4 per group, 8 in total) and six individual interviews conducted between November 2023 and June 2024. A pilot focus group tested and refined the wording of the interview questions used in both data collection methods. Data were analysed using a deductive thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s approach.

RESULTS: Practitioners emphasised the importance of addressing not only physical, but also emotional, relational, and digital aspects of SE. The main thematic areas included: boundaries and consent, online sexual risks and harms, reproductive and sexual health, and emotional and psychological wellbeing. Frequently mentioned topics included changes during adolescence, contraception, consent, sexual rights, exposure to pornography, sexting, and identity. Approaches included breaking taboos, encouraging open discussion and normalization, using interactive and demonstrative techniques, fostering skill-building and attitude-oriented activities, and adapting content to age and context. Access to school-based and external resources was seen as an integral part of effective SE delivery.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the need for a broader, more inclusive SE approach in Czech schools, addressing curriculum gaps, and promoting holistic student development.