Background: The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime’s 2014 survey estimated that there are 6.7 million Pakistanis aged 15-64 who are illegal substance users. In 2014, Pakistan’s drug treatment capacities remained insufficient to meet demand reduction, with fewer than 100 clinics operating nationwide with the capacity to treat 30,000 substance users. Lacking government funding, over 90% of Pakistan’s detoxification centers are operated by non-government organizations. Although cost and regular funding are the utmost challenges, inadequate staff training, and a slow rate of adoption and...