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RESUMEN
First of four bulletins recapping 16 reviews for the American Psychological Association featuring expert advice and amalgamations of research findings on different aspects of the client-therapist relationship.
In celebration of International Women’s Day we are highlighting studies throughout the month of March that further our understanding of how sex and gender influence the course of addiction and treatment, with a particular focus on women.
Genetic factors are strongly implicated in the susceptibility to develop externalizing syndromes such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and substance use disorder (SUD). Variants in the ADGRL3 (LPHN3) gene predispose to ADHD and predict ADHD severity, disruptive behaviors comorbidity, long-term outcome, and response to treatment.
Impressively wise, unprecedentedly comprehensive, backed by the American Psychological Association, and based on expert assessments and 16 new evidence reviews, the
Opioid Use disorder is one of the most challenging forms of addiction facing health care systems around the world. The treatment of opioid dependence is important to reduce its health and social consequences and to improve the well-being and social functioning of people affected.
Prescription opioids are involved in 40% of all deaths from opioid overdose in the United States and are often the first opioids encountered by individuals with opioid use disorder.
Research findings amalgamated for the American Psychological Association show that outcomes of psychosocial treatments are substantially improved when clients and therapists agree on goals and methods and form collaborative relationships ... but when illegal drug use is the problem, partnership has its limits.
Heavy harmful drinking remains one of the leading modifiable risk factors for disease
The consumption of alcohol carries a risk of adverse health and social consequences related to its intoxicating, toxic and dependence-producing properties (WHO).
Objective: In 2017, an academic health center in Chicago launched the multidisciplinary Substance Use Intervention Team (SUIT) to address opioid misuse across 18 inpatient units and in a new outpatient addiction medicine clinic. This report assesses the first 5 months of implementation and associations with patient health and healthcare utilization.
Objectives: First-generation immigrants, in many countries, are healthier than their native counterparts. This study examined the association between first- and second-generation immigrant status and alcohol- or drugs other than alcohol-related (primarily opioids) mortality for those with risky substance use.
El ácido γ-aminobutírico (GABA) es el principal neurotransmisor inhibitorio del sistema nervioso central (SNC) de los mamíferos y ejerce su acción a partir de la activación de tres receptores distintos. El receptor GABAB es una heterodímero con dos subunidades de siete dominios transmembranales, caracterizado en la década de 1970, y que ha sido ampliamente estudiado con relación a diferentes tipos de enfermedades.
Background
Youth alcohol consumption is declining across many European counties, often alongside similar decreasing trends in drug use and smoking. One of the explanations as to why we are seeing these patterns is that adolescents do not drink alcohol because they spend more time indoors on the internet.<
According to the World Drug Report opioids are the most harmful drug type, accounting for 70% of the adverse health impacts associated with drug use disorders worldwide. Treatment typically focusses on controlling withdrawal, preventing cravings and ultimately relapse.
The tobacco epidemic is one of the biggest public health threats the world has ever faced, killing more than 7 million people a year (WHO).
People with psychosis are more likely to smoke compared to the general population and it is believed that this could have a negative impact on cognitive functioning.
Interventions to alleviate stigma are demonstrating effectiveness across a range of conditions, though few move beyond the pilot phase, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Implementation science offers tools to study complex interventions, understand barriers to implementation, and generate evidence of affordability, scalability, and sustainability.
There are concerns about the accuracy of the health information provided by alcohol industry (AI)-funded organisations and about their independence. We conducted a content analysis of the health information disseminated by AI-funded organisations through Twitter, compared with non-AI-funded charities, to assess whether their messages align with industry and/or public health objectives.
Research findings amalgamated for the American Psychological Association show that the outcomes of psychotherapy are substantially and significantly better the more the therapist or especially the client display emotional arousal during therapy - though among substance use clients, focusing on emotions has not been universally helpful.
Harmful alcohol use is known to increase the risk of alcohol dependence as well as physical conditions such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and cirrhosis.
Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a diagnostic term used to describe physical, neurodevelopmental, and cognitive impairments that have occurred following exposure to alcohol during pregnancy. The diagnosis of FASD requires a complex assessment and confirmation of maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Obtaini
Harmful alcohol consumption during adolescence poses a major public health issue as it affects several aspects of young peoples’ health and wellbeing.
Objectives: Earthquakes are a distressing natural phenomenon that can disrupt normal health-related behaviours. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in alcohol consumption behaviours in the immediate aftermath of mild to moderate earthquakes.
In this article, we approach the botellón phenomenon as a widespread nightlife activity among Spanish youths. Botellón consists of youths meeting up, primarily on weekend nights, in open-air public spaces to talk and consume the alcoholic beverages that they have prepared. The objective of this study was to analyze the motives, attitudes, and consequences related to the practice of botellón during the leisure time of youth.
The high prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) among incarcerated adults in the U.S. is well-known, but there has been less examination of SUD treatment and rates of incarceration among the population of adults with SUDs as the denominator.
Adolescence is generally associated with health, development and growth. However, a great number of adolescents are affected by chronic illness - defined as a disability interfering with normal life and/or demanding treatment. Substance use often begins in adolescence.
The frequent collection, analysis and publication of data on psychoactive substance use among young people is essential to follow trends which can be used to inform practice and public health policy.
Opioid use disorder is a chronic, relapsing disease and a global health burden. Treatment for OUD tends to involve a combination of medication and behavioural intervention.
There is a growing problem of misuse of prescription opioids, opioid addiction, and overdose.