Impact of Pandemic on Addiction Treatment Centers in Latin America
Preliminary report of the study "Overall impact of the pandemic in the Addiction Treatment Centers of Latin America", which aims to explain the overall impact
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For individuals working on the frontline during the coronavirus pandemic, the stress and pressure of the situation can have a dramatic negative impact on mental wellbeing.
Although psychological interventions for health care professionals have been implemented to reduce the impact of visceral trauma and promote self-care, the evidence-base for the effectiveness of such support is scarce.
Although it is a term that is frequently used, understanding what it means to be resilient or develop resilience is not always straight forward.
In an article published in the Frontiers in Behavioural Neuroscience, the researchers interpret resilience as:
Adolescence involves dramatic biologic, psychological, and behavioural changes.
Adolescents respond, learn and explore their environment, forming new relationships and further developing their identity.
It is often a time where individuals are more likely to participate in risky behaviour, frequently influenced by substance use. Substance use among adolescents ranges from experimentation to severe substance use disorders.
Approximately 188 million people use cannabis yearly worldwide, and it has recently been legalised in 11 US states, Canada, and Uruguay for recreational use. The potential for increased cannabis use highlights the need to better understand its risks, including the acute induction of psychotic and other psychiatric symptoms.
Abstract
Importance: Family members are cited as a common source of prescription opioids used for nonmedical reasons. However, the overdose risk associated with exposure to opioids prescribed to family members among adolescents and young adults is not well established.
Abstract
Importance: Health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could be psychologically stressed.
Objective: To assess the magnitude of mental health outcomes and associated factors among health care workers treating patients exposed to COVID-19 in China.
EQUIP Research & Development Consultants has designed this survey to know the level of Awareness regarding the pandemic of COVID-19 among the general population of Pakistan.
Question: Can a process for training machine-learning algorithms based on electronic health records identify individuals at increased risk of suicide attempts across independent health care systems?
Conclusions: Our study did show a significant reduction in affective symptoms in both groups, but the differences in reduction of affective symptoms between the intervention and control groups were not significant. There were also no differences in perinatal child outcomes.
Opioid prescriptions increased by 68% from 2010 to 2016 for new dental procedures among people not previously prescribed opioids. This study sheds light on the potential of unnecessary prescribing of opioids for dental procedures especially for people never prescribed opioids prior to their procedure.
Objective: The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of smoking behaviour on campus and to identify the key factors that influence adherence to a campus smoke-free policy.
Researchers attempted to assess the global harms associated with marijuana use and potentially define risky marijuana use in a systematic review of systematic reviews. Forty-four systematic reviews including over 1053 diverse studies were analyzed, with an average AMSTAR 2 rating of 60.1%, indicating low to moderate quality. Harm was divided into the following three categories: mental health harm, somatic harm, and physical harm.
Abstract
Importance: Nonmedical prescription opioid use is a pressing public health issue in the United States.
Importance: The World Health Organization estimates that the 1 billion individuals who smoke worldwide contribute to the 880 000 secondhand smoke (SHS)–related deaths among individuals who do not smoke each year.
Importance: The number of children with prenatal opioid exposure to medication for addiction treatment (MAT) with methadone and buprenorphine for maternal opioid use disorder is increasing, but the associations of this exposure with cognitive outcomes are not well understood.
Desirée Molina, A. Villalobos. José Félix Ribas Foundation, Venezuela
Codependency has been described as a significant health risk behavior, particularly for women, because codependent women are often involved in abusive and harmful relationships. Identification of individuals who are codependent is an important step in assisting them to engage in therapy and become a healthy support for drug abusers in treatment.
Introduction. Different studies have reported the relationship of parenting styles with adjustment problems in children. However, it has not been specified which aspects of parenting styles play a central role in the manifestation of such psychological problems.
Drawing on qualitative analysis of selected historical documents, the paper seeks to provide a definition of the general characteristics of the first institutional alcohol treatment facilities in today's Czech Republic and Slovakia, taking into account the historical context of the first half of the 20th century.
Abstract
Importance: Alcohol screening may be associated with health outcomes that cluster with alcohol use (ie, alcohol-clustering conditions), including depression, anxiety, and use of tobacco, marijuana, and illicit drugs.
Substance use is prevalent in South Africa and associated with poor HIV treatment outcomes, yet, it is largely unaddressed in HIV care. Implementing an evidence-based, task-shared intervention for antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and substance use integrated into HIV care may be a feasible and effective way to improve HIV treatment outcomes and reduce substance use in this population.
The link is to Recovery Research Institute's summary of the findings from this long term longitudinal study of injection drug users in Vancouver Canada. It reports that there are five different trajectories for people who inject drugs. Twenty-four percent of study participants died in the ten year study time frame.
Often it takes a critical moment, such as when someone survives an overdose, to motivate behavioural change.
It is particularly important that at these times people have access to the appropriate treatment.
Abstract
Introduction: Polysubstance use is a prevalent substance use pattern with adverse effects on psychological distress and diminished treatment outcomes. Although polysubstance use often dominates clinical practice, the trajectories of substance use and psychological distress in the initial phase of treatment have been subject to few empirical investigations.
Discussion
A standardized measure for 9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content in cannabis products is necessary to advance research both on the adverse effects of cannabis (e.g. risks for brain development, mental illness and addiction) and on the drug's potential medical uses.
Authors: Desiree MolinaMSc,Greysi Rivero, Sandra Colina
Molina, Desirée, José Felix Ribas Foundation, Venezuela; Lopez, Susana, Instituto Nacional del Menor, Venezuela
Maternal smoking of traditional or electronic cigarettes during pregnancy, which constitutes developmental nicotine exposure (DNE), heightens the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders including ADHD, autism, and schizophrenia in children.